Vegetables occupy a central place in Indian agriculture, contributing substantially to food and nutritional security, farm income and livelihood diversification, with Kashmir's temperate agro-climate supporting a wide range of economically important crops. However, their high perishability and susceptibility to biotic and abiotic stresses make vegetable production particularly vulnerable to losses, with fruits and vegetables recording among the highest post-harvest loss rates of any commodity group globally. This review examines the diverse complex of insect pests and plant diseases associated with major vegetable crops grown in the Kashmir valley, spanning solanaceous crops, cole crops and vegetable legumes such as French bean and pea, and highlights how foliage feeders, sap-suckers, borers, and a range of fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens have been reported to constrain yield and marketable quality across these crop groups. The paper underscores the rationale for moving away from reliance on chemical pesticides alone towards Integrated Pest and Disease Management (IPDM), an approach that combines cultural, mechanical, biological and need-based chemical interventions to achieve sustainable and eco-friendly pest suppression. Crop-wise IPM and IDM capsules are compiled and discussed for solanaceous vegetables, cole crops and legumes drawing together management approaches evaluated under Kashmir and where explicitly indicated, the wider north-western Himalayan region. The review further identifies key gaps in current management practices, including limited region-specific biorational options, insufficient monitoring and forecasting systems, and the need for climate-resilient IPDM strategies as pest dynamics shift under changing environmental conditions. Future research directions emphasizing biointensive management, molecular pest diagnostics and integration of modern tools such as remote sensing and AI-based forecasting are outlined. In conclusion, the review consolidates scattered crop-wise information into a unified IPDM framework for Kashmir's vegetable production system, with the aim of supporting evidence-based pest and disease management while contributing to sustainable vegetable production in the region.