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VOL. 8, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Dose- and Time-Dependent Behavioural Responses in Fish Following Sublethal Exposure to Emamectin Benzoate
Authors
Madhu Sharma, Rijul Rana, Yashpal, Deeksha, Deepika Thakur, Tarang Kumar Shah, Bovinder Katoch
Abstract
The present study investigated the behavioural alterations in fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of emamectin benzoate (18 µg/L and 36 µg/L) over a period of 96 hours. Behavioural responses were assessed at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours using a semi-quantitative scoring system to evaluate parameters such as hyperactivity, opercular movement, swimming rate, cornering behaviour, pigmentation changes, mucus secretion, loss of equilibrium, surface gulping, aggregation, and lethargy. The results revealed clear dose- and time-dependent behavioural modifications. At the lower concentration (18 µg/L), fish exhibited moderate alterations, including increased surface gulping, aggregation, and opercular movement, indicating early stress responses. Prolonged exposure led to the appearance of abnormal behaviours such as hypoactivity, reverse swimming, and mucus secretion, suggesting progressive physiological stress. In contrast, fish exposed to the higher concentration (36 µg/L) showed severe and persistent behavioural disturbances throughout the exposure period. Marked lethargy, increased surface gulping, excessive mucus secretion, and disoriented swimming were observed, indicating significant respiratory and neuromuscular impairment. Overall, the findings demonstrate that emamectin benzoate induces pronounced behavioural toxicity in fish, with higher concentrations causing severe and sustained effects. Behavioural endpoints proved to be sensitive indicators of toxic stress and can serve as effective tools for early detection of environmental contamination.
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Pages:15-19
How to cite this article:
Madhu Sharma, Rijul Rana, Yashpal, Deeksha, Deepika Thakur, Tarang Kumar Shah, Bovinder Katoch "Dose- and Time-Dependent Behavioural Responses in Fish Following Sublethal Exposure to Emamectin Benzoate". International Journal of Agriculture and Plant Science, Vol 8, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 15-19
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