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VOL. 8, ISSUE 1 (2026)
Behavioral biomarkers of isoproturon toxicity in freshwater carp Cyprinus carpio (L.)
Authors
Devika Rani H K, Parimala B
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the
toxic effects of the herbicide Isoproturon on Cyprinus carpio (L.) with
a particular focus on behavioral alterations that serve as early and sensitive
biomarkers of stress. Fish were exposed acutely for 96 hours to a sub-lethal
concentration of 1.65mg/L, and their behavior was carefully monitored at
24-hour intervals (24, 48, 72, and 96 hours). Throughout the exposure period,
the fish exhibited a range of noticeable disturbances, including darkening of
body pigmentation, excessive mucus secretion, erratic swimming, hyperactivity,
and occasional loss of equilibrium. These symptoms reflect the fish’s
physiological attempts to cope with the toxicant pigmentation changes
indicating stress, mucus secretion acting as a defensive response, and
disorientation suggesting impaired neuromuscular coordination. Importantly, the
severity and frequency of these behavioral anomalies increased steadily with
prolonged exposure, demonstrating a clear time-dependent relationship. Such
progressive deterioration highlights the disruptive impact of Isoproturon on
the nervous and physiological systems of C. carpio. Overall, the results
reinforce the value of behavioral biomarkers in environmental toxicology.
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Pages:109-111
How to cite this article:
Devika Rani H K, Parimala B "Behavioral biomarkers of isoproturon toxicity in freshwater carp <i>Cyprinus carpio </i>(L.)". International Journal of Agriculture and Plant Science, Vol 8, Issue 1, 2026, Pages 109-111
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