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VOL. 7, ISSUE 4 (2025)
Genetic variability studies for morpho-physiological characters in soybean (Glycine max L. Merill)
Authors
Manisha Devkate, DG Dalvi, Pravin Wadkute, SB Borgaonkar
Abstract
Soybean production and productivity mainly
depends upon the improved high yielding cultivars. Screening of diverse
genotypes for yield and yield contributing traits is the first step in any crop
improvement programme from available germplasm stock. Fifty-four soybean
germplasm lines were evaluated for assessment of genetic variability among
twenty morphological and physiological characters using Randomized Block Design
during Kharif season, 2024 with two replications at Soybean Research Station, Vasantrao
Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (MS). The mean sum of squares due
to treatments were found significant for all twenty traits among the
accessions. Significant variability was recorded in mean performance for traits
under study, which indicates that the germplasm lines showed high level genetic
diversity to be used for further breeding programme for development of elite
cultivars. The phenotypic variance values were slightly higher than the
corresponding genotypic variance values for all twenty traits. High GCV &
PCV were noted for average growth rate 30 DAS (74.86 and 74.89), average growth
rate 60 DAS (37.79 and 37.81) and seed yield per plant (35.40 and 35.49).
Whereas, moderate, for number of pods per plant (27.19 and 24.71), AGR 90DAS
(22.26 and 22.46), RGR 60 DAS (19.96 and 19.99) and NAR 30 DAS (20.06 and
20.35) NAR 60 DAS (25.27 and 29.37) and NAR 60 DAS (18.57 and 24.32). All the
quantitative traits under investigation showed the high Heritability with range
from 63.60 (chlorophyll content) to 98.70 (number of pods per plant).
Heritability of 98.70 % was maximum for number of pods per plant followed by
100 seed weight (98.70), harvest index (98.50) and leaf area 30 DAS (97.91).
High h2 (heritability) coupled with with high GA (genetic advance)
was observed for number of pods per plant, AGR 30 DAS, AGR 60 DAS, AGR 90 DAS
and seed yield per plant. It is showing that these traits are governed by
additive gene action and there is huge scope for genetic improvement by simple
selection. The variability studies indicated that the high estimate of
phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of
variation (GCV) was observed for number of pods per plant and seed cotton yield
per plant. Modearate phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic
coefficient of variation were observed for days to 50% flowering chlorophyll
content leaf area, AGR, RGR, and NAR. High heritability observed for the almost
all the characters. The number of pods per plant, AGR, RGR and seed yield per
plant per plant shows high heritability coupled with high genetic advance over
mean indicating the preponderance of additive gene action in the inheritance of
these traits. Genetic variability parameters were studied in fifty-four soybean
genotypes raised during kharif 2024-2025 at Soybean Research Scheme,
Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani in randomized block
design with two replications. The high degree of variability observed among
genotypes for different yield contributing traits could be utilized in the
breeding program for the improvement of soybean.
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Pages:117-123
How to cite this article:
Manisha Devkate, DG Dalvi, Pravin Wadkute, SB Borgaonkar "Genetic variability studies for morpho-physiological characters in soybean (<i>Glycine max </i>L. Merill)". International Journal of Agriculture and Plant Science, Vol 7, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 117-123
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