A systematic survey assessed the prevalence and incidence of sheath blight disease in rice across 40 villages spanning two adjacent districts of Chhattisgarh plains, each comprising four blocks during Kharif 2023 and 2024—the survey aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution and intensity of sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Disease incidence was recorded through field observations using standardized scoring techniques during the peak crop growth stages. Results revealed significant variation in disease incidence among villages, blocks, and districts. The mean average PDI of both years of sheath blight was higher in Dhamtari district (55.93 %), compared to Gariaband district (47.45 %). The survey also identified commonly cultivated rice varieties in each region and their relative susceptibility to the disease. This survey provides a valuable baseline for future monitoring and contributes to developing more targeted approaches for sheath blight control in the region.