A case study on SRI technology in different locations of Tamil Nadu was carried out to assess the yield and economics of rice cultivation in comparison with conventional method of rice cultivation. The study revealed that system of rice intensification (SRI), was found to enhance the growth characters viz., plant height, leaf area, no of tillers and dry matter production as compared to conventional method of cultivation. The yield characters such as no of productive tillers/hill, panicle length, no of panicle/hill and panicle weight were also significantly higher than the conventional method of rice cultivation ultimately resulting higher grain yield, straw yield, gross income, net income and BCR under SRI. In addition to this there was considerable water saving (25-50%) under SRI technology as compared to conventional method of cultivation. The concept of SRI includes transplanting young seedlings, singly and widely spaced with soil kept well aerated. The major constraints of SRI was inundation due to monsoon and floods, improper maintenance of channels and main fields, lack of skilled labour for transplanting, non-availability of cono weeder and marker and insufficient training programmes.