This review summarized the irrigated wheat production and its research achievements including the overall wheat production status of Ethiopia. The opportunities and challenges of irrigated wheat production and the current government initiatives on irrigated wheat production has been also reviewed where availability of excess surface water, human labor and a huge irrigable land were identified as the main opportunities for implementing it in most wheat cultivating areas of the country concluding that a great attention should be given for such income generating and food securing agricultural system. It has been reviewed that wheat is the most important staple crop and widely cultivating in most highlands of the northern, central and south-eastern parts of the country under rainfed though the country has an estimated 3.8 million hectares of irrigable land. Although the potential benefits of irrigation are great, the actual achievement in many irrigable areas of the country is substantially less than its potential that is only almost 5% of the irrigable land is currently irrigated and less than 3% of households having access to irrigation. The national irrigated lowland wheat research and development program identified that the national wheat productivity could be progressed from 30 quintals to 50 quintals per hectare concluding that the irrigated wheat production is a very promising farming system. Thus, it has been reviewed that the confidence of small-hold farmers and commercial farmers in the irrigated wheat production needs to be increased with the increased roles of researchers in the development of irrigated wheat technologies.