Phosphorus is an essential macro nutrient for plant growth, especially in nucleic acids and metabolic pathways. It is important nutrient for root development as well as plant growth. Phosphorus deficiency is very common in upland rice, and its damage occurs throughout crop cycle. Improving Phosphorus Use Efficiency is required in rice crop especially in upland rice as phosphorus uptake is difficult due to aluminium toxicity, P-fixation which occurs commonly in acid soil and slow diffusion rate. Through this paper we are reviewing the importance of Phosphorus Acquisition Efficiency (PAE), and Phosphorus Use Efficiency (PUE). Phosphorus uptake 1 (Pup1) a major QTL has been mapped from the population resulting from a cross between Nipponbare x Kasalath. Phosphorus-Starvation Tolerance 1 (OSPSTOL1) is a gene which shows Phosphorus tolerance in Pi deficient soils found within the QTL Pup1.