Nutritional qualities of the edible portions of Macrobrachium macrobrachion and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii from Oluwa Creek, Ondo State and Asejire Reservoir, Oyo State respectively were evaluated for food security potential. Thirteen and twelve smoke dried samples of Macrobrachium macrobrachion and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii were respectively selected for proximate and mineral analysis. The weight of the pawns ranged from 0.93 to 2.9g (1.97±0.62) for Macrobrachium macrobrachion and 5 to 24g (12.42±6.62) for Macrobrachium vollenhovenii. Biochemical and mineral analysis were done in duplicates using standard procedures, and data obtained were statistically analyzed. The values obtained for proximate and mineral analysis of Macrobrachium vollenhovenii and Macrobrachium macrobrachion were proteins (69.58±0.02 and 72.47±0.04%), carbohydrates (11.15±0.00% and 6.07±0.07%), fats (10.93±0.06% and 12.43±0.18%), moisture (4.79±0.01 and 5.49±0.15%), ash (3.21±0.01 and 3.17±0.01%) and crude fibers (0.33±0.01 and 0.37±0.01%), respectively. Significantly higher amount of magnesium (32.82±0.00mg/l), potassium (161.31±0.03mg/l) and sodium (90.17±0.04mg/l) were obtained in samples of Macrobrachium macrobrachion while, Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, showed higher amount of calcium (351.53±0.05mg/l), manganese (0.57±0.01mg/l), iron (4.32±0.04mg/l), zinc (1.12±0.00mg/l) and copper (0.38±0.00mg/l) The caloric energy value of 426.05kg/100g determined in Macrobrachium macrobrachion was higher than the value of 421.29kg/100g for Macrobrachium vollenhovenii. Values obtained for both species were significantly different (P<0.05) for the proximate and mineral compositions, with the exception of ash, moisture and crude fibre. The result affirmed that these shellfishes are nutritionally valuable, and are profitable for human consumption, not only as delicacy, but also for their nutritive qualities which compare favourably with other animal protein sources.